At the turn of the twentieth century, the spiritual and social movements Theosophy and later Anthroposophy became a strong source of inspiration for the pioneers of modernism and abstract art: Kandinsky, Mondrian, Malevich – and Hilma af Klint. In 1906 the Swedish artist began painting her first abstract series, Primordial Chaos, featuring blue, green and yellow geometrical shapes and spirals. Her main work, Paintings for the Temple, expresses what she calls the higher truth: unity beyond duality and the material world and mankind’s spiritual evolution. What was the zeitgeist that inspired such an eruption in art? This anthology, based on a seminar held at the Guggenheim museum at the opening of their acclaimed exhibition Hilma af Klint: Paintings for the Future in October 2018, elaborates on this cultural phenomenon.

This book offers an innovative examination of the interactions of science and technology, art, and literature in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Scholars in the history of art, literature, architecture, computer science, and media studies focus on five historical themes in the transition from energy to information: thermodynamics, electromagnetism, inscription, information theory, and virtuality. Different disciplines are grouped around specific moments in the history of science and technology in order to sample the modes of representation invented or adapted by each field in response to newly developed scientific concepts and models. By placing literary fictions and the plastic arts in relation to the transition from the era of energy to the information age, this collection of essays discovers unexpected resonances among concepts and materials not previously brought into juxtaposition. In particular, it demonstrates the crucial centrality of the theme of energy in modernist discourse. Overall, the volume develops the scientific and technological side of the shift from modernism to postmodernism in terms of the conceptual crossover from energy to information. The contributors are Christoph Asendorf, Ian F. A. Bell, Robert Brain, Bruce Clarke, Charlotte Douglas, N. Katherine Hayes, Linda Dalrymple Henderson, Bruce J. Hunt, Douglas Kahn, Timothy Lenoir, W. J. T. Mitchell, Marcos Novak, Edward Shanken, Richard Shiff, David Tomas, Sha Xin Wei, and Norton Wise.

Alexander Calder (1898-1976) was a radical inventor: an artist who discarded convention and disrupted hierarchies, overturning the traditional basis of culture while revolutionising the way people perceive and interact with art. Calder's 'new line' was not simply an evolution of forms and styles. From the start, it was quite clear to all who witnessed him at work that - in his way of drawing attention and gaining notoriety - he was doing something radically new. This catalogue shows how Calder's work emerged from expectations of change in American popular culture. Calder, who was initially attracted by the structure and functions of the circus, looked for alternative models to triumph over respectability, public decorum, and the ambitions of industry. The catalogue, with twelve essays from major contributors, will examine how Calder, among the first college-trained artists, found techniques and inspiration in many disciplines and their development: technology, engineering, architecture, physics, and astronomy, among others. All these contributed to the development of his wire sculptures, mobiles, and stabiles. More than 100 works and comparative illustrations will guide the reader through this innovative and unique path.